Combustion-motor



R. KRONENBERG. COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED AUG.25. 1919.

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Application mafaugusms, '1919. serial No. 319,853.

Lgrggggfo I, i specincaation of ettersilatent. Pat'ntgd Map, 19211;'

l To all whom t may concern.' celerating, the change of v"air especially-'ing Be it known that I, RUDOLF KRONEN- -theproximity of the walls vof the pist-fon. L BERG, a citizen of Germany residingat No. I n the case where a plurality of cylinders 3l Wilhelmstrasse, Ohligs, lhenish russia, are employed for working themotor, it is .60 5 Germany, have invented certain lnew andl preferable to arrange the said cylinders 011e useful Improvements in Combustion-Mobehind-another.` s f tors, of which the following is a specifica- In employing a motor driven by a plution, i ,z rality of cylinders, the four stages 'of which My invention relates to an improved comare distributed' among four cylinders lax- 65 lobustion-motorand the object of this im` ially arranged one behind another and the provement is to provide a motorl so con-JA pistons of which four cylinders are-'simuleA f structed, that the cooling is entirely pertaneously acting ona single crank-shaft, it formed by air and any water-,cooling may vis particularly advantageous to connect the be quite dispensed with, or, in particu-lar hollow pistons of said cylinders singly to 7.0

315 cases, reduced to a minimum.- f a single connecting-rodpassing through lat-'- It has already been-tried, withmotors of. erally, which is working on the -crankasmaller kind, to perform the cooling alone shaft. In such case the reciprocatingmoby air, but the results have failed to give tion 'of said connecting-rod will call forth fullsatisfaction. l 'an agitation of the atmosphere which pro- 75 The present invention, however, `tends to 'motes the exchange'of [air withinthe hol- Jattain this scope even with combustionlow spaces of the single pistons, the more motors of a .larger size; my invention, ac# so, if a displacer extends into said pistons,

cordingly, is particularly applicable in moas lbefore described. Besides 'this adva'nf tors for propelling automotive vehiclesjand tage, the whole arrangement of the four-.80

aero-planes. cylinder-motor will be improved by greater A The principal idea of my inventionvconsimplicity and by greater facility in beingvl sists in-conducting the cooling atmosphere overlooked, also byv a reduction of repairs I to the inside surface of the hollow piston, becomingnecessary. to such -extent,that it comesinto intimate In the accompanying drawings I have 85l contact with the bottom offthe piston and illustrated inf? also with'its sides about the packing. The Figure 1 a ,motor having but a single simplest mode `of realizing. said purpose cylinder constructed according to my inven consists in employing a piston openat the tion.

outside end extending into lthe cylinder of y Figi 2 shows the modification above re- 90.. the motorin a, known manner but'without ferred to of a hollow piston having a disl any guiding members, the said piston be-v placer extending into its interior. -ing externally connected to the crank and Fig. 3 serves to explain a detail of Fig. 2. containing no gearing of anykind insidesv F ig. 4 discloses the uarrangement of a its hollow space, thus allowing'to -the atfour-cylinder motor having the pistons of 95 L0 mosphere todirectly .enter into :the piston the four cylinders connectedfto each other without any' impediment and to freely make by a lateral reciprocating connecting rod. g contact with the. entire area of the hollow In the said four figures of the drawings inside oflthe' piston. In this manner and Yall parts have beenleft away which do not l without the'aid ofjany further" means an refer to the essential features of my inven- 100 intensive cooling ofthe piston is obtained` tion; particularly the whole mechanism of and especially in-that place where it is most the distribution, including the' valves for required, as all parts have been removed feeding the fuel and the mixture of gas and from that place, which could have the effect l air, and vparts connected therewith, have of impairing the free access ofthe atmos- Ibeen leftaway.

phere. Theoperative effect of the cooling Referring'to the drawings, b designates will be much enhanced, still, if a stationary the hollow p1stony open to the outside, which member, the so-called displacer, is arranged piston reciprocates within the cylinder a to project, into the hollow space of the pis- V`and carries near its open head lateral-lugs ton` so as to partly obstruct the area of the c, c, engaged by the forked connecting-rod 55 hollow space but which helps to accelerate d. Said lugs c, c traverse'lateral slots 1&7', l

the motion of the-atmosphere, thereby acof Veidzensionsv of the wallof the cylin The opposite end of said forked connectingrod is engaged by the crank which carries the fly-wheel p.

By the motion of the crank and the flywheel a draft of air is called forth, which acts to perform an exchange of air within the hollow piston b and brings the fresh air into contact with the totality of the wall of the piston and particularly with the closed y cylinder. In the drawings the said body has been shown screwed on to ay cover-plate i, open-worked and seated onv the extension of the cylinder. Fig. 3` showsthe said coverplate z' in side-elevation. Throughthe perf.

forations le of said plate the outslde air may freely pass into the hollow piston b, the displacing body 7L acting in favor of the exchange of air by vigorously forcing the air against the inside surface of the walls ofthe piston. I'Vhen the said outward, the displacer h the major part of the air` piston is moving will act to dispel out of the piston,

while on moving inward of the piston,

fresh air will be drawn in by suction. The said displacer la, preferably, is. equally formed permitting air to enter into said'displacer.

In F ig. 4 I have shown a four-cylinder motor constructed in the manner above pointed out.

al, a2, a3, a4 designate the four cylinders and 61,122, b3, b4, the four hollow pistonsof them. The said four cylinders are arranged independently and connected to each other in a solid manner. Each of the four pistons carries a pair of -lugs c1, c2, c3, c4, whichare connected through lateral slots of the corresponding extension of the Vcylinderto a passing through. The

connecting rod m lugs-0*, besides, Vare lmkedvto the forked con'- necting-rod` d, which is/engaged by the unique crank f of the fly-wheel shaft.

By means of the distribution (not shown) of the motor the single stages of theworln'ng f of a shaft fixed stationary s yhollow andopen to the outside for order are distributed among the four cylinders. The several cylinders are arranged in pairs opposite to each other in such a manner td make the working stroke impart motion to the crank f for once and the return stroke impart it again through the connecting-rod m.

According to the arrangement shown ink F ig. t of the drawings the cylinder a4, lfor instance, could perform the exhaust-stage, the cylinder ,a3 the compressing stage, the cylinder a2 the working or exploding Stage and the cylinder al the' suction stage.

. Into the yfour hollow pistonsthe four holy low open-worked displacers h1, h2, k3, h4 are made to extend, said displacers being fixed to the plates il, 112, 3, 4, secured to the extensions of the cylinders. By inserting a laterally pair of cylinders al, a2, and a3, a4, I have Mprovided the meansof giving the lair ,access to the displacers. For the rest I have also placed laterally open-worked boxes t beopen-worked box s between each tween the cylinders a2, and a3, placed op-' posite to each other with their closed ends, in order to allow the air to enter into contact with ,the cylinder-bottom's, as it is" advantageous to cool not only the inside of the pistons butL also their outside surface as come pletely as possible by copious contact with the air. The outside surface of the cylinders, of course, .is constantly cooled by they access of the atmosphere.

I claim as my invention;

l. A combustion motor comprising a mul-- tiplicity of cylinders, a hollow piston for each cylinder open to 'the/atmosphere, asinglc connecting-rod connected tosaid pistons,

and means projectingyinto, the hollow space ofthe pistons to partially obstruct the same.

2. A combustion-motor comprising .four

cylinders, eachofsaid cylinders having a hollow piston open to the outside and cach piston being provided with a stationary displacer of the air,- said pistons being all coni nected toa single connecting-rod' laterally linked toesaid pistons and working on a sin.- gle crank.. 4

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my I signature in presence of tfwo witnesses.

- DR. RUDOLF KRGNENBERG. Witnesses: l WILHELM voN DEN BERG, l e, OTTO RQMNDOR. 

